Italian-English
A number of early maps have titles in Italian, among them maps by Coronelli, Dudley, Zatta, and publishers of the Lafreri School. Most titles are fairly easy to guess, but the following list of terms may be helpful. Italian nouns and adjectives have two genders, masculine and feminine. Many masculine words end in -o, which changes to -i in the plural. Many feminine words end in -a, which changes to -e in the plural. However, there are exceptions. Nouns ending in -e in the singular become -i in the plural.
For the
articles and article-preposition combinations, several forms are given. The
form used depends on the gender and starting letter of the following word, but
the rules need not be known to translate into English. Occasionally, when a
word ends in a vowel, and the following word begins with a vowel, the terminal
vowel is often replaced by an apostrophe, as in dell'America..
a prep to
adiacente adj adjacent
ai, agli, alle prep to the (pl.)
al, allo, alla prep to the (sing.)
alto adj high, upper
altrementi adv otherwise
altro adj other
anticamente adv anciently
appresso prep near
arcano n mystery
atlante n atlas
australe adj southern
baia n bay
banco di sabbia sandbank
basso adj low, lower
Belgio n Belgium
bocca n mouth
boreale adj northern
caduta n waterfall
canale n channel
capitale n capital
capo n cape
carta n map, chart
cento card num hundred
che conj that
chi rel pron who, whom, whose
chiamato adj named
Cina n China
cinque card num five
citta, civita n city
coi, cogli, colle prep with the, by the (pl.)
col, collo, con lo, colla prep with the, by the (sing.)
cominciare v to begin
con prep with
conosciuto adj known
contea n county, earldom
contenere v to contain
corretto adj correct
corso n course
cosmografo n cosmographer
costa n coast
da prep from
dai, dagli, dalle prep from the, by the (pl.)
dal, dallo, dalla prep from the, by the (sing.)
Danimarca n Denmark
decimo ord num tenth
dei, degli, delle prep of the (pl.)
del prep of
del, dello, della prep of the (sing.)
delineato adj drawn
della prep of
descritta adj described
descrittione, descrizione n description
detto adj said, called
di prep of
dieci card num ten
disegno n plan, drawing
dodicesimo ord num twelfth
dodici card num twelve
ducato n duchy
due card num two
e, ed conj and
Egitto n Egypt
emisfero n hemisphere
entrata n entrance
esatto adj exact
est n east
fatto adj done
finire v to finish, to end
fino prep as far as, until
fiume n river
foce n mouth
foglio n sheet
fortezza n fortress
fra prep in, between, among
Francia n France
Galles n Wales
geografia n geography
geografico adj geographical
geografo n geographer
gia adv formerly
Giappone n Japan
gli art the
golfo n gulf
grado n degree
grande, gran adj large
Grecia n Greece
hoggidi adv nowadays
i art the
il art the
impero n empire
in prep in
Inghilterra n England
Inglesi n Englishmen
intagliata adj engraved
intagliatore n engraver
intorno prep around
Irlanda n Ireland
isola n island
isoletta n islet
istmo n isthmus
la art the
lago n lake
le art the
levante n east
lo art the
Luigiana n Louisiana
maestro adj main
maestro n master
maggiore adj greater, major
mappa n map
mare n sea
meridionale adj southern
Messico n Mexico
meta n half
miglio n mile
mille card num thousand
minore adj lesser, minor
molto adj much
mondo n world
montagna n mountain
monte n mount
navigare v to navigate, to sail
nei, negli, nelle prep in the (pl.)
nel, nello, nella prep in the (sing.)
nono ord num ninth
nord n north
nove card num nine
Nuova Zelanda n New Zealand
nuovamente adv again, newly
nuovo adj new
o conj or
occidentale adj western
Olanda n Holland
Olandesi n the Dutch
orientale adj eastern
osservazione n observation, comment
ostro n south
ottavo ord num eighth
otto card num eight
ovest n west
ovvero conj or
paese n country, village
parte n part
particolare adj particular
penisola n peninsula
pianta n map
piu adj most
polo n pole
ponente n west
porto n harbor, port
Portogallo n Portugal
presso prep at, by, near, in
primo ord num first
principale adj principal
privilegio n copyright
projezione n projection
provincia n province, pl. -cie
quarto ord num fourth
quattro card num four
questo, questa adj this
qui adv here
quinto ord num fifth
rada n roadstead
rappresentante pres part representing
redatto adj written, drawn up
regno n kingdom
ridotto adj reduced
ritratto n image
riviera n coast
scoperta n discovery, pl. scoperte
scoperto adj discovered
Scozia n Scotland
secca n shoal
secondo ord num second
secondo prep according to
sei card num six
selvaggio n savage, native
sesto ord num sixth
sette card num seven
settentrionale adj northern
settimo ord num seventh
sia conj else; sia...sia, both...and; o sia, or else
sino prep as far as, until
sobborgo n suburb
sonda n sound
Soria n Syria
sotto prep under
Spagna n Spain
Spagnuola n Hispaniola
specchio n mirror
spiaggia n shore, beach
stabilimento n establishment
stampa n printing press, print
stamperia n printing establishment
Stati Uniti United States
stretto n straits
su prep on
sud n south
sui, sugli, sulle prep on the (pl.)
sul, sullo, sulla prep on the (sing.)
suo adj his, her, its
superiore adj upper
Svezia n Sweden
Svizzera n Switzerland
tavola n map
terra n earth
terzo ord num third
tramontana n north
tre card num three
Turchia n Turkey
tutto adj all
ultimo adj latest
un, uno, una art a
undicesimo ord num eleventh
undici card num eleven
Ungheria n Hungary
universale adj universal
uno card num one
vecchio adj old
veduta n view
vero adj true
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